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 The National Bank of New Zealand (NBNZ) often referred to as The National Bank is one of New Zealand's largest banks. Throughout much of its history, the National Bank has provided banking services to mainly rural, personal, and small business customers. Its owner is ANZ National Bank Limited, the New Zealand subsidiary of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group. ANZ purchased it in 2003 from Lloyds TSB who, earlier as Lloyds Bank, had been sole owner since 1966.

The problem with the European (and international) banking crisis is that countries are having their credit ratings downgraded, forcing them to pay higher rates of interest, and impose austerity measures on the economy. The problem with this is that it will lead to a downward spiral of confidence and business as money becomes more and more scarce. If demand is created by wages, and the economyis stagnant because wages are low, one way to stimulate growth is by improving wages. A $2 (New Zealand) increase in the minimum wage represents an almost 20% increase in wages. This at the cost of 5% if the money is borrowed from overseas. This is possible if increase  is paid only in the public sector. Why? Because the government does not have to repay the debt, because the country will never go out of business or fail as a private company might. If the debt is  kept to a reasonable (as low as possible, and certainly below 50% of GDP) level, and interest payments ar guaranteed, there are a number of sources for this finance.

The best and most obvious of these is the Bank of England. It was (this may be contentious) set up and owned by the Church of England. It was "nationalised" or taken over by the government in 1946. This would have been a problem for the owners, except for one thing. When a bank, apart from its own assets, is taken over, this does not include the funds of its depositors. These are guaranteed by law, by the government (taxpayers) so that people and businesses may deposit their money with confidence.

The suggest interest rate of 5% is  negotiable, but should not be higher, and nor should any debt be "written off". Perhaps the Chinese government with all its surplus billions may be persuaded to accept 4%, calculating an exchange rate advantage on a rising or strengthening pound, but most depositors would expect to receive only 2% in a retail bank.

 Some time ago I had saving with the post office bank in an account my parents opened for me when I began school, and we banked a little every week. Then the government sold the bank to ANZ, a bank which has bought several New Zealand banks, so I closed my account because I didn't want to bank with ANZ.

My suggestion is that the Bank of England buy the National Bank from ANZ, and set up a National bank in every country. They could then deposit some funds, and charge 8% (plus the retail margin of .25%-1%), and charge the government 5% on any loans to the Reserve Bank (Treasury). These would not be open ended, but perhaps 200 billion could be made available (to 200?) countries, at a maximum of 1 billion to each country-(this above any other loans).  This fund would be for special projects.

One billion dollars(New Zealand) would cost a lot less than one billion (thousand million, not million million) pounds, but instead of the profits being repatriated to teh UK, and losing money in the exchange rate, the money would stay in the country. Smaller  countries (like Fiji) would not need anywhere near one billion, 500 million Fijian would go a long way as special loans for government projects, at 5%. These loans would be repaid in time, but not in the short term, perhaps after 20 years or more, but not increased.


 The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the 'Old Lady' of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UK's financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy.

 TSB Bank logo.svg

 The Trustee Savings Bank (or TSB as it was commonly known) was a British financial institution which specialised in accepting savings deposits from the poor. They did not trade their shares on the stock market and, unlike mutually held building societies, depositors had no voting rights nor the ability to direct the financial and managerial goals of the organisation. Directors were appointed as trustees (hence the name) on a voluntary basis. Between 1970 and 1985, the various trustee savings banks in the United Kingdom were amalgamated into a single institution known as the TSB Group Plc, which was floated on the London Stock Exchange. In 1995, the TSB merged with Lloyds Bank to form Lloyds TSB, at that point the largest bank in the UK by market share and the second-largest (to HSBC, which had taken over the Midland Bank in 1992) by market capitalisation; it remains a registered company but is currently dormant.[1] In 2009, following the acquisition of HBOS, Lloyds TSB Group was renamed Lloyds Banking Group,[2] although the TSB initials survive in the name of its retail subsidiaries, Lloyds TSB Bank and Lloyds TSB Scotland.

HSBC Holdings plc is a global banking and financial services company headquartered in Canary Wharf, London, United Kingdom.[3] As of 2011 it is the world's second-largest banking and financial services group and second-largest public company[6] according to a composite measure by Forbes magazine.[7][8] It has around 7,500 offices in 87 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America and around 100 million customers.[4][9] As of 30 June 2010, it had total assets of $2.418 trillion, of which roughly half were in Europe, a quarter in the Americas and a quarter in Asia.[5]

HSBC Holdings plc was founded in London in 1991 by The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation to act as a new group holding company and to enable the acquisition of UK-based Midland Bank.[1] The origins of the bank lie in Hong Kong and Shanghai, where branches were first opened in 1865.[2] Today, HSBC remains the largest bank in Hong Kong, and recent expansion in mainland China, where it is now the largest international bank, has returned it to that part of its roots.[9][10]

HSBC is a universal bank and is organised within four business groups: Commercial Banking; Global Banking and Markets (investment banking); Personal Financial Services (retail banking); and Private Banking.[11]

HSBC's primary listing is on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (where it is a constituent of the Hang Seng Index), the New York Stock Exchange, Euronext Paris and the Bermuda Stock Exchange. As of October 2011, it was the second most highly capitalised company listed on the London Stock Exchange, with a market capitalisation of £93 billion.[12]

 Royal Mint
Responsible for the provision of the United Kingdom coinage.

HM Treasury
The United Kingdom's economics and finance ministry.

Financial Services Authority
An independent body that regulates the financial services industry in the UK.

 

Lloyds TSB Bank Plc is a retail bank in the United Kingdom. It was established in 1995 by the merger of Lloyds Bank, established in Birmingham, England in 1765 and traditionally considered one of the Big Four clearing banks, with the TSB Group which traces its origins to 1810.[1] Lloyds TSB has an extensive network of branches and ATM machines across England and Wales and offers 24-hour telephone and online banking services. Today it has 16 million personal customers and small business accounts.[2] In Scotland, the bank operates as Lloyds TSB Scotland Plc.

Following the acquisition of HBOS in 2008, the parent Lloyds TSB Group was renamed Lloyds Banking Group.[3] In 2009, following the liquidity crisis, HM Government took a 43.4% stake in Lloyds Banking Group and it was subsequently announced that a standalone retail banking business of 600 branches, including the TSB brand, would be divested by the Group to comply with European Union state aid requirements.[4] As a consequence, Lloyds TSB Bank will be rebranded as Lloyds Bank by the end of 2013.[5]

In October 2011, Moody's Analytics downgraded the credit rating of 12 UK financial firms including Lloyds TSB blaming financial weakness.[6]

 

Former type Public Limited Company
Industry Financial Services
Fate Merger with Trustee Savings Bank (TSB Group Plc)
Successor Lloyds TSB Group Plc
Founded 1765 (Incorporated 1865)
Defunct 1995
Headquarters 71 Lombard St. London EC3
Products Banking and Insurance
Subsidiaries National Bank of New Zealand

 Lloyds Bank Plc was a British retail bank which operated in England and Wales (and to a much lesser extent Scotland) from 1765 until its merger into Lloyds TSB in 1995; it remains a registered company but is currently dormant.[1] It expanded during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and took over a number of smaller banking companies. In 2009, following the acquisition of HBOS, Lloyds TSB Group was renamed Lloyds Banking Group and in 2010 it was announced that the Group's principal subsidiary, Lloyds TSB Bank, will transition to the Lloyds Bank name by 2013.

 The Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ASXANZ, NZX: ANZ), commonly called ANZ, is the fourth largest bank in Australia, after the Commonwealth Bank, Westpac Banking Corporation and the National Australia Bank. Australian operations make up the largest part of ANZ's business, with commercial and retail banking dominating. ANZ is also the largest bank in New Zealand, where the legal entity became known as ANZ National Bank Limited in 2004 and where it operates two brands, ANZ and the National Bank of New Zealand.

 

 

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